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Showing posts with label mlb. Show all posts
Showing posts with label mlb. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 20, 2020

MLB World Series 2020 Bracket Math

Prior to the start of the postseason, I had the Los Angeles Dodgers as the most likely World Series champ. I updated the rosters through the postseason, to factor in Randy Arozarena's insane record breaking pace, the out of whack pitching rotations generated by no off days throughout the entire ALCS and NLCS, the Dodgers coming back from 3-1 and rearing 28-3 on the city of Atlanta again, etc.

Unfortunately, the prediction remains unchanged, although my Tampa Bay Rays have a better chance than you might expect through 10,000 simulations:

# GamesTBR in...LAD in...
44.2%9.1%
59.5%15.9%
613.4%17.4%
713.5%17.1%
40.5%59.5%

Ultimately the prediction is Dodgers in 6, but I certainly hope that's wrong. Rays in 7!!! #RaysUp

Tuesday, September 29, 2020

MLB Playoffs 2020 Bracket Math

Coming off forecasting the Miami Heat to come out of the East in the ongoing NBA playoffs, the MLB playoffs are now upon us, and I'm using my play-by-play MLB simulator to project this year's unique mess of a playoffs. Since the 3 Wild Card game matchups are set, I used the top 3 starting pitchers from each rotation pitching on short rest throughout the playoffs (Game 4 starter = Game 1 starter, for example).

Multiple wrinkles make this year way more wide open than ever before:

  • 16 teams. Largest field ever
  • Best-of-3 series in the first round! Extremely high variance possible
  • No fans + 1st round all at home parks, but then neutral site in other rounds
  • No off days during rounds
On the best-of-3 series: an illustration with the best team in baseball, the Los Angeles Dodgers. They're heavy favorites in each game against the Milwaukee Brewers, their round one opponent, on average winning any one game 64.9% of the time. In their first round, best-of-3 series, they are favored to win 69.3% of the time. However, if the same matchup was in a best-of-5, this would increase to 74.4%. And in a best-of-7, it would increase to 77.8%.

On home field, or lack thereof: home field advantage has decreased over time as of late. So in the first round (at home ballparks), should I use the last 5 years, an implied win percent bump of 1.2%? Or my original estimate of 2%? Ultimately I stuck with this season's abnormally high 2.2% rate, even with no fans. But what about the neutral sites? I relied on some research I did awhile ago that showed that the effect of batting second gives the "home" team a 1.5% advantage by itself. So 2.2% in the Wild Card round, 1.5% in all other rounds for the higher seeds.

SeedLeagueTeamWCDSCSWS
1ALTBR52.9%21.4%9.5%3.8%
8ALTOR47.1%16.1%5.9%1.9%
4ALCLE54.0%34.4%20.0%10.4%
5ALNYY46.0%28.0%15.8%7.9%
3ALMIN63.5%36.3%20.8%10.7%
6ALHOU36.5%15.7%5.6%1.9%
2ALOAK45.3%19.5%7.5%2.7%
7ALCHW54.7%28.6%15.0%7.5%
SeedLeagueTeamWCDSCSWS
1NLLAD69.3%41.8%26.3%16.5%
8NLMIL30.7%11.0%4.0%1.4%
4NLSDP52.7%25.0%12.8%6.5%
5NLSTL47.3%22.2%11.9%6.3%
3NLCHC55.7%29.0%13.2%6.6%
6NLMIA44.3%17.8%6.2%2.4%
2NLATL61.3%34.5%17.5%9.7%
7NLCIN38.7%18.7%8.0%3.6%

Takeaways:
  • Dodgers are the clear favorites, but in this chaotic environment someone else still wins ~84% of the time
  • The top 2 seeds in the AL, the Rays and Athletics, really look like paper tigers (the White Sox are really good is part of it)
  • Indians/Yankees is the best matchup of the first round
  • The Marlins have a 97.6% chance of losing a playoff series for the first time in franchise history, thanks to 2020
  • There is an absurd level of advertisement on MLB's official bracket


Monday, August 24, 2020

"What are the odds?" An MLB Team Hits a Grand Slam Four Games in a Row

Last week, the San Diego Padres hit a grand slam in four consecutive games (all against the Texas Rangers) - something that had never been done before:


As CBS Sports points out above, there have been roughly ~407,000 games in MLB history - so what were the odds that it hadn't happened yet?

I simulated each game of the Padres/Rangers series (2 in Arlington, 2 in San Diego) and estimate the probability of hitting a grand slam in each game as:


GameNumTeamProbGrandSlam
1SDP5.64%
1TEX2.27%
2SDP4.77%
2TEX2.16%
3SDP2.58%
3TEX1.63%
4SDP3.17%
4TEX1.54%

Multiplying each game together results in a truly unlikely series of events: 

TeamProb4InARow1 in...
SDP0.000220%454,489
TEX0.000012%8,124,789
Avg0.000116%860,825
So over the course of Major League history, it truly is unlikely it hadn't happened yet. There are slightly less four game streaks than games, since you the first three games in a season don't make a streak of four. So as an estimate, I removed 3 games per year times 117 years = 351 games, out of 407,000, gives 406,649 approximate sequences of four games in a row.

Using this San Diego/Texas series as a proxy, there is roughly a 99.999884% chance that a four game stretch does NOT have a grand slam in each game (1 - 0.000116%).

So 99.999884% ^ 406,649 four game sequences = 62.35% - the odds that this had not happened yet. Resulting in a 37.65% chance of making it this far in to MLB history without the feat occurring.

Therefore, it might be fair to guess that the baseball gods were therefore punishing the Rangers for griping about Tatis hitting the first grand slam on a 3-0 count late in a blowout.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Home Field Advantage is Diminishing in Most Leagues, Except One

Much research has been done on the extent to which home field advantage exists (it does, in some cases by a lot), and also why - Scorecasting determined referees are the primary driver, subconsciously tilting calls in favor of the home team.

The main hypothesis there though is that its the subconscious effect of rabid fans that influence the refs' calls - and this effect will presumably disappear with games coming back at neutral sites, without fans.

But how much will this matter? It's been a known effect in the NBA that improved travel and other technological perks have caused home court to decline in recent years - so will teams that have earned home court all season long (like the Lakers and Bucks) really be losing as much as they used to with no fans attending games?



NBA and NHL have seen declining HFA in recent seasons, with NBA having a very pronounced effect. Home court/home ice still exists, but to a lesser magnitude than it used to.


NFL and MLB have seen an even sharper decline, with each most recent season actually dipping to right at/below 0 - meaning home field advantage didn't exist last season.

Which leaves one domestic US-based league that has been bucking this trend, and actually is higher than its counterparts in other countries: